What effect does mulching have on soil moisture?

Mulching has a significant positive effect on soil moisture, primarily by reducing evaporation. When mulch is applied to the soil surface, it acts as a barrier between the soil and the atmosphere, helping to retain moisture in the soil. This is particularly beneficial in hot or windy conditions where evaporation rates can be high. By minimizing the exposure of the soil to these elements, mulch effectively conserves soil moisture, which can lead to healthier plant growth and lower irrigation needs.

In addition, while mulch can enhance drainage depending on the material used, its primary role in this context is focused on moisture retention rather than explicitly increasing drainage. It does not actively promote rapid soil warming; in fact, certain types of mulch can slightly insulate the soil, which might lead to slower warming in cooler conditions. Furthermore, mulch does not decrease the water retention capacity of the soil; instead, it helps maintain or improve it by reducing evaporation losses.