Which risk is NOT associated with pesticide application?

The choice reflecting "Improved plant growth" is correct because it is not a risk associated with pesticide application. Instead, this outcome is a potential benefit of using pesticides when they are applied correctly and in appropriate situations. Pesticides are designed to manage pests that can hinder plant growth, thereby facilitating healthier and more vigorous plant development.

In contrast, the other options represent significant risks linked to pesticide application. Harm to nontarget organisms occurs when chemicals intended for pest control affect beneficial insects, wildlife, or plants. Pest resistance development is a known phenomenon wherein pests evolve to withstand the effects of the pesticide, leading to a cycle of increased pesticide use and greater environmental impact. Harm to people is a critical consideration in pesticide application, as improper use or exposure can lead to health risks for applicators and surrounding communities. Thus, "Improved plant growth" stands out as the only option that does not pertain to a risk associated with the use of pesticides.